Editorial

The trade access horizon

Diversify export or stagnate
At the third round of preferential trade negotiations under the Bangkok Agreement in March, China offered duty-and-quota-free access to 59 items from Bangladesh. At the next round of meet scheduled for August the 'privileged' items would be finalised. This adds to the existing quantum of trade access to China featured by Beijing having earlier allowed 20 to 50 per cent duty reduction on 739 items and zero tariff access to our jute and jute goods. With China joining the Bangkok Agreement Dhaka's exports to Beijing grew around 73 per cent during July-December 2002 compared with the level reached during the corresponding period of the year before. We earned $11.54 million from exports to China in those six months mainly comprising leather and leather goods, frozen shrimps, jute, jute goods and camera parts. Bangladesh annually imports goods from China valued at $600 million reflecting the extent of trade imbalance between the two countries. But the other way of looking at it would be that Chinese goods are in high demand in Bangladesh. So, we import more from Beijing. We have to diversify our production or manufacturing base so as to create new demands for our goods in China. That's how a balanced inter-penetration of markets takes place.

We note that from China, Bangladesh had sought duty-and-quota-free access to a total of 129 items out of which 59 items are to receive the preferential treatment from the Chinese market. We also sought the same facility for 109 of our items to South Korea, 89 to India and 124 to Sri Lanka but the countries are yet to respond to our requests. As it is under the Bangkok Agreement, Bangladesh has got zero to 50 per cent duty reductions on 188 items to all the signatory countries. Now, the outpouring of all these statistics conjures up the vision of what an increased responsibility we are taking on our shoulders to expand the basket of our exports.

From another angle, the circumstances seem to be equally compelling for increasing our productivity within an export-led growth strategy. Under the Bangkok Agreement, Bangladesh has, for her part, allowed concessionary duties on several items from the member countries. On the whole, Bangladesh has been most generous in liberalising her trade terms for other countries. In the SAARC region, she was the first to lower her tariff and non-tariff barriers among the member countries. It has to be a two-way traffic. And that means whilst other countries reciprocate our gestures we raise our levels of productivity and export to benefit from freer trade.